The lead time varies based on product type and customization requirements. For standard fiber optic products (such as common single - mode/multi - mode cables, OM3/OM4 multi - mode fibers, and G.652 single - mode fibers) with sufficient stock, we can arrange shipment within 3 - 5 business days after receiving the advance payment. For standard products without stock, the lead time is 7 - 10 business days. For customized fiber optic products (including those with special jacket materials, non - standard fiber counts, or customized lengths), the lead time depends on the complexity of customization: simple customization (e.g., adjusting fiber count to 24/48 cores) takes 10 - 15 business days; complex customization (e.g., developing medical - grade fibers with special optical parameters or armored fibers for extreme environments) requires 20 - 30 business days, as it involves material procurement, sample testing, and mass production verification. We will provide a detailed delivery schedule in the order confirmation and update the production progress to customers weekly.

We support multiple flexible payment terms to meet the needs of different customers. For domestic orders, common payment methods include bank wire transfer (T/T), online bank payment, and letter of credit (L/C) for large - value orders (usually above $50,000). For international orders, we mainly accept T/T (with a 30% advance payment and 70% balance payment before shipment), L/C at sight, and PayPal for small - batch sample orders (below $5,000). In addition, for long - term cooperative customers with good credit records, we can discuss customized payment plans (such as monthly settlement) through our sales team to optimize cash flow for both parties. All payment processes will be confirmed in writing through the order contract to ensure transparency and security.

When choosing fiber optic products for high - speed data center applications, consider the following aspects. For short - distance connections within the data center (usually within a few hundred meters), multi - mode fibers are a good choice. Specifically, OM3 and OM4 multi - mode fibers are suitable. OM4 multi - mode fiber can support a transmission distance of up to 400m and can meet high - speed transmission requirements such as 10Gbps, 40Gbps, and 100Gbps, which can fully cover the short - distance connection needs between servers, switches, and storage devices in the data center. For long - distance interconnection between different data center buildings (tens of kilometers), low - loss single - mode fibers that comply with the ITU - T G.657 standard are more appropriate. This type of fiber has lower attenuation and better bending resistance, which can ensure stable data transmission over long distances. In addition, ensure that the fiber optic products are compatible with the existing data center equipment. Select optical modules that support MSA (Multi - Source Agreement), such as SFP + and QSFP28, to avoid compatibility issues between optical modules and switches or routers.

To ensure the long - term stable operation of fiber optic equipment, several key points should be noted. Regular inspection is crucial. Check whether fiber jumpers are loose, damaged, or overly bent. Also, clean the fiber connector end - faces at least once a month to prevent dust and dirt from affecting optical signal transmission. Design a redundant fiber path for backup. Deploy redundant fiber optic links to avoid single - point failures. Install optical protection switches (OPS) to achieve automatic link switching in case of problems. Control the operating environment. Keep the temperature in the equipment room between 15 - 30°C and the humidity between 40% - 60% to prevent fiber and equipment performance degradation due to extreme temperature and humidity. Avoid exposing fibers to strong electromagnetic fields or chemically corrosive environments. Provide regular training for operation and maintenance personnel on fiber operation specifications, such as fusion splicing and testing procedures. Establish a fiber optic link topology map and equipment configuration file for easy management and troubleshooting.

In dealing with non - linear effects in high - power fiber optic transmission, the following methods can be adopted. First, strictly control the input optical power. Generally, keep the optical power of a single wavelength below +3 dBm to ensure it is within the non - linear threshold. Use an optical power meter to monitor the power at the transmitting and receiving ends to maintain appropriate power levels. Second, apply Raman amplification technology. This technology utilizes the stimulated Raman scattering effect to amplify optical signals. Its advantage lies in distributed amplification, which can evenly distribute power, reducing the occurrence of non - linear effects. Third, optimize wavelength allocation in DWDM systems. Avoid setting the adjacent wavelength interval too small (usually should be ≥50 GHz). According to standards like ITU - T G.694.1, non - uniform channel intervals can be used. Fourth, upgrade the fiber type. For example, use large - effective - area fibers (LEAF). By increasing the core area, the power density is reduced, thereby effectively reducing non - linear effects.

here are multiple methods to address chromatic dispersion in fiber optic communication. One approach is to use dispersion - compensating fibers (DCF). These fibers have the opposite dispersion characteristics to ordinary fibers. By inserting DCF in the fiber optic link, the dispersion effect can be offset, especially suitable for long - distance transmission in traditional single - mode fibers (such as G.652). Another method is to use dispersion - compensation modules (DCM). DCM can compensate for dispersion in the electrical or optical domain through gratings or filters. It has the advantage of being able to flexibly adjust the compensation amount without replacing the fiber. Upgrading the fiber type is also an effective solution. For instance, G.655 (non - zero dispersion - shifted fiber) has less dispersion near the 1550nm wavelength and is suitable for DWDM (Dense Wavelength - Division Multiplexing) systems; G.657 (bend - insensitive fiber) can reduce the dispersion caused by micro - bending. Additionally, the adoption of coherent detection technology can improve the system's tolerance to dispersion. Through digital signal processing (DSP) at the receiving end, it can compensate for both dispersion and non - linear effects, which is widely used in modern 100G/400G coherent optical modules.

To effectively reduce signal attenuation in fiber optic transmission, several measures can be taken. Firstly, carefully select high - quality optical fibers. For example, single - mode fibers generally have lower attenuation than multi - mode fibers in long - distance transmission. The attenuation of common single - mode fibers is about 0.2 - 0.4 dB/km, while that of multi - mode fibers is 1 - 3 dB/km. Secondly, pay attention to the quality of fiber connectors and splices. Use high - precision connectors, and each high - quality connector can control the loss to about 0.2 - 0.5 dB; for fusion splices, ensure professional operation, and the loss of each splice point can be controlled within 0.05 - 0.1 dB. Also, avoid excessive bending of the fiber. The bending radius should not be less than 10 times the fiber diameter to prevent additional bending loss. In long - distance and high - attenuation scenarios, optical amplifiers (such as EDFA, Erbium - Doped Fiber Amplifier) can be deployed to compensate for signal attenuation.

For high - speed data center transmission scenarios, we recommend two types of our fiber products. The first is multi - mode fiber (MMF) with OM3 and OM4 specifications. These two types of multi - mode fibers support high - speed transmission protocols such as 10Gbps, 40Gbps, and 100Gbps, and their transmission distance (up to 400m for OM4) can fully cover the short - distance connection needs between servers, switches, and storage devices in data centers. The second is low - loss single - mode fiber (SMF) that complies with the ITU - T G.657 standard. This type of single - mode fiber has lower attenuation and better bending resistance, which is suitable for long - distance interconnection between different data center buildings (with a transmission distance of up to 10km) and can meet the requirements of large - scale data center cluster networking. Both types of products have passed strict compatibility tests with mainstream data center equipment, ensuring stable and efficient data transmission.